CHAPTER+2+LITERATURE+REVIEW

**2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW**
In this chapter, we will explain about some major issue in this research in order to provide a clearer understanding of this study. We will focus on the most popular social networking website, the use of these web and the implications of these web. Social networking websites are becoming more popular across the world wide from days to days. However, the best known sites used by teens and young people are MySpace and Facebook. One study showed that “55% of online teens [12-17] use social networks and 55% have created online profiles” (Lenhart & Madden, 2007). Besides that, another website that also popular among teenagers are dating websites such as E. Harmony and Match.com (Lenhart & Madden, 2007). In addition, Compete.com choose Facebook as the most popular social networking website because there are 1.2 billion people visits this web in January 2009. On the other hand, a survey conducted by ABI Research stated that half of those using online social networks have visited their social network website through a mobile phone .This surveyed resulted 70 % people visited MySpace, and 67% had visited Facebook. 91% of all social networking teens say they use the sites to stay in touch with friends they see frequently, while 82% use the sites to stay in touch with friends they rarely see in person (Lenhart & Madden, 2007). . Besides that, they also found out that 17% of users use their social networking website to flirt especially those that are searching for companion. Their research was supported by, Ofcom research (2008) which state that communication with known contacts was the most popular social networking activity and 17 % of adults used their profile to communicate with people they do not know (Ofcom research ,2008). Both quantitative and qualitative research showed that communication was the most popular activity on social networking sites (Ofcom research, 2008. 69% of adults who have a social networking page or profile used social networking sites to talk to friends or family who they saw regularly anyway, compared to 17% of adults who used sites to talk to those they didn’t already know Ofcom research (2008). In contrast, The 2007 MBJ Client Alert1 cited a CareerBuilder.com survey revealed that 12% of employers said that they used social networking sites such as Facebook and MySpace to search for job applicants. The survey reported more than 3,100 employers, 22% of managers said they use social networking sites to research for job candidates.  Social networking website also will affect the user’s study. Karpinski and Duberstein surveyed 219 students at Ohio State, including 102 undergraduate students and 117 graduate students. Of the participants, 148 said they had a Facebook account. They found out that students which have social networking website had lower grades and spent less time to study. Typically, Facebook users in the study had GPAs between 3.0 and 3.5, while non-users had GPAs between 3.5 and 4.0 (Karpinski & Duberstein). In addition, users said they spent five hours a week to study while non-users studied about 11 to 15 hours per week. Another major issue with social networking is online predators. There are shows that focus around catching online predators looking to have sex with minors (Henson, 2006. These felons use sites like MySpace and Facebook to scout for victims while hiding their true identity from these unsuspecting children. (Henson, 2006). Besides that, social networking sites cause some major complications such as crimes. This situation happened because people give out to much information about themselves.74 percent of adults who use social networking sites give too much information out (Security software firm CA, 2006). Giving too much information can harm the users. 83 % of users said that they download items from other people’s site. This poses a problem because most of the files they download contain viruses which provide ammunition for hackers to steal personal information (Security software firm CA, 2006).Lastly, 46 percent of the respondents claimed they visited these networking sites while they were at work and that jeopardizes those business networks. (Wong, n.d.) As a conclusion, the most popular social networking website is Myspace and Facebook. Besides that, people frequently use these websites to keep in touch with their friends as well as their family. However, the social networking website also has it disadvantages because it give negative implications such as crime and online predator that are searching for companion.   
 * 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW **
 * Most popular social networking website **
 * Use of social networking website **
 * Implications of the social networking website **

